Published in Zahnarztiliche Mitteilungen in 2020
Further studies, such as those from Runnel [Runnel et al., 2013], Mäkinen [Mäkinen, 2010], Söderling [Söderling et al., 2010], Ghezzi [Ghezzi et al., 2012], Hieti et al., 2015], Saran [Saran et al., 2015] and Park [Park et al., 2014], showed similar results. It can be seen that erythritol has currently superceded xylitol as the gold standard in caries prevention.
Erythritol and Gingivitis and Periodontitis
Sugar alcohols have direct effects on caries prevention and impede oral biofilms. It is evident that they also have effects on the development of gingivitis and periodontitis. The research group Janus et al., investigated the influence of erythritol on the microbiology of the biofilm in gingivitis [Janus et al., 2017]. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of erythritol on the development and progression of gingivitis. The results show that biofilms mature in the presence of erythritol towards a less pathogenic composition and overall biofilm growth is reduced. As a consequence the paper concludes that erythritol can contribute to a healthy oral ecosystem. This is important because gingivitis, when untreated, can lead to periodontitis. As shown above, erythritol can inhibit the development of P.gingivalis, one of the most important bacteria in the development and progression of periodontitis, through various biochemical pathways [Hashino et al., 2013].
Erythritol—the sugar substitute—offers numerous advantages in general and oral health. As an alternative to sugar, erythritol enables a reduction in calorie intake, which is important for controlling obesity and its associated diseases. Erythritol is used for home caries prophylaxis in lozenges, chewing gum, toothpaste, mouth rinse, etc. – whereby the sweet powder offers two advantages: It is non-cariogenic and also inhibits the development of cariogenic and periodontal bacteria in oral biofilms. Routine preventive use of erythritol at home can reduce caries load and hence the corresponding need for dental treatment. The literature shows that erythritol is superior to other sugar alcohols.